{"id":155922,"date":"2020-02-21T14:10:53","date_gmt":"2020-02-21T19:10:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/?page_id=155922"},"modified":"2022-02-23T14:17:38","modified_gmt":"2022-02-23T19:17:38","slug":"kgap","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/kgap\/","title":{"rendered":"KGAP"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"type-intro\">\n<section class=\"cl-wrapper cl-menu-wrapper\"><nav id=\"\" class=\"cl-menu  \" data-name=\"Dynamics Research Group\" data-show-title=\"0\"><ul id=\"menu-dynamics-research-group\" class=\"cl-menu-list cl-menu-list-no-js\"><li id=\"menu-item-155910\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-155910\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/\">Dynamics Group<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-155907\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-155907\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/\">Projects<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176057\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176057\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/seir\/\">SEIR<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176060\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-176060\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/ugos\/\">UGOS<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176046\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176046\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/cascadia\/\">Cascadia<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176047\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176047\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/ufz\/\">UFZ<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176058\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176058\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/kgap\/\">KGAP<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176061\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176061\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/dynloop\/\">Dynloop<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176066\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176066\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/cdrake\/\">cDrake<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176050\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176050\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/kess\/\">KESS<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176069\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176069\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/east-china-sea\/\">East China Sea<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176052\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176052\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/asttex\/\">ASTTEX<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176068\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176068\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/gom\/\">GOM<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176051\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176051\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/japan-east-sea\/\">Japan\/East Sea<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176063\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176063\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/vertcoupl\/\">VERTCOUPL<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176062\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176062\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/labrador-sea\/\">Labrador Sea<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176048\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176048\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/safde\/\">SAFDE<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176049\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176049\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/nac\/\">NAC<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176065\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176065\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/asuka\/\">ASUKA<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-176064\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176064\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/projects\/synop\/\">SYNOP<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-176094\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176094\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/people\/\">People<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-174103\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-174103\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/inverted-echo-sounders\/\">Inverted Echo Sounders<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-174198\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-174198\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/inverted-echo-sounders\/scientific-applications\/\">Scientific Applications<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-174199\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-174199\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/inverted-echo-sounders\/technical-information\/\">Technical Information<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-174200\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-174200\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/inverted-echo-sounders\/ies-documentation\/\">IES Documentation<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-174201\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-174201\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/inverted-echo-sounders\/history\/\">History<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-174202\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-174202\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/inverted-echo-sounders\/launch-recovery-movies\/\">Launch\/Recovery Movies<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-174203\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-174203\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/inverted-echo-sounders\/how-to-buy\/\">How to Buy<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-174195\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-174195\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/inverted-echo-sounders\/ies-photo-gallery\/\">IES Photo Gallery<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-174205\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-174205\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/iesbibupdated1-1.pdf\">IES Publications<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-176101\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-176101\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/research\/dynamics\/publications\/\">Publications<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/nav><\/section>\n<p><b>Field Program<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>June 2009 &#8211; June 2011<\/p>\n<h2>Principal Investigators<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Mark Wimbush, University of Rhode Island<\/li>\n<li>Jae-Hun Park, University of Rhode Island<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Japanese Collaborators<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Hirohiko Nakamura, Kagoshima University<\/li>\n<li>Ayako Nishina, Kagoshima University<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Funding for this project was supplied by the Office of Naval Research.<\/p>\n<h2>Goal<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Determine the time-varying structure and transport of the flow between the Pacific Ocean and the ECS through the Kerama Gap on scales from a few hours to more than a year.<\/li>\n<li>Test the following three hypotheses:\n<ol>\n<li>increase in transport through the Kerama Gap is associated with (a) an increase in ECS-Kuroshio transport across the PN-line, north of Okinawa, and (b) a decrease in Ryukyu Current transport east of Okinawa about two months earlier;<\/li>\n<li>the arrival of anticyclonic (cyclonic) eddies at the eastern side of the Kerama Gap is associated with an increase (decrease) of transport through the Gap;<\/li>\n<li>variations in wind stress over the local region cause variation in the flow through the Kerama Gap.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_155925\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-155925\" style=\"width: 1197px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_map.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[155922]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-155925 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_map.jpg\" alt=\"This photo shows the CPIES instruments deployed across the Karama Gap.\" width=\"1197\" height=\"662\" srcset=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_map.jpg 1197w, https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_map-300x166.jpg 300w, https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_map-1024x566.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_map-768x425.jpg 768w, https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_map-364x201.jpg 364w, https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_map-500x277.jpg 500w, https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_map-1000x553.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1197px) 100vw, 1197px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-155925\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1. Left panel: East China Sea (ECS) region; ETC = East Taiwan Channel, KG = Kerama Gap, TKS = Tokara Strait; Jason-1 altimetry tracks shown as gray lines; red bar shows position of the deployed array. Right panel: Enlargement of Kerama Gap region showing the deployed array: red dots are CPIES moorings, blue dots are CM moorings. The array is along a line across the Kerama Gap, except that one CPIES instrument near the center of the Gap is about 10 km northwest of this line. Depth contours are at 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 m.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_155943\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-155943\" style=\"width: 985px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_section.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[155922]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-155943\" src=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_section.jpg\" alt=\"This figure shows the cross-section of the Kerama gap and the locations of the CPIES devices.\" width=\"985\" height=\"786\" srcset=\"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_section.jpg 985w, https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_section-300x239.jpg 300w, https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_section-768x613.jpg 768w, https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_section-364x290.jpg 364w, https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/916\/KG_section-500x399.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 985px) 100vw, 985px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-155943\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 2. Cross-section diagram of the Kerama Gap array. Four CPIESs are shown as solid red dots (open red squares immediately above represent the current sensors 50 m above the sea floor). Seven CMs on three moorings are shown as black open squares. Topography is from measurements taken on the June 2009 cruise. Note: this section across the Kerama Gap is slightly northwest of the sill, hence the maximum depth at the section is greater than the sill depth (1050 m).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Publications\/Presentations<\/h2>\n<h3>Annual Reports of ONR Sponsored Research<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Wimbush, M., and J.-H.Park, &#8220;Measuring the flow through the Kerama Gap&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1pdjqyrZIcRsypUXxV10omqQedem3JJlh\/view?usp=sharing\">2009<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1pdjwjHt_UldIELbbA6efOP6yXRfSPlkI\/view?usp=sharing\"> 2010<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1pliD8rY0z-gvTmU6VnmjXEXDHnt5BME7\/view?usp=sharing\"> 2011<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1LFfmIr98CMXxtFuM6oj3KX4Buaz_9EY8\/view?usp=sharing\"> 2012<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Published Papers<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Na, H., M. Wimbush, J.-H. Park, H. Nakamura, and A. Nishina. Observations of flow variability through the Kerama Gap between the East China Sea and the northwestern Pacific. <cite>J. Geophys. Res., Oceans<\/cite>, 119(2):689\u2013703, 2014. (<a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/2013JC008899\">doi:10.1002\/2013JC008899<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a name=\"JGRC:JGRC20493\"><\/a>Nakamura, H., A.&nbsp;Nishina, Z.&nbsp;Liu, F.&nbsp;Tanaka, M.&nbsp;Wimbush, and J.-H. Park. Intermediate and deep water formation in the Okinawa Trough. <cite>J. Geophys. Res., Oceans<\/cite>, 118(12):6881\u20136893, 2013. (<a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/2013JC009326\">doi:10.1002\/2013JC009326<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Technical Reports<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Liu, Z., H. Na, H.&nbsp;Nakamura, A. Nishina, J.-H. Park, K. Tracey, and M. Wimbush. Kerama Gap 2009-2011 data report. GSO Technical Report 12-02, University of Rhode Island, 2012. (<a href=\"http:\/\/digitalcommons.uri.edu\/physical_oceanography_techrpts\/15\/\">PDF<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Field Program June 2009 &#8211; June 2011 Principal Investigators Mark Wimbush, University of Rhode Island Jae-Hun Park, University of Rhode Island Japanese Collaborators Hirohiko Nakamura, Kagoshima University Ayako Nishina, Kagoshima University Funding for this project was supplied by the Office of Naval Research. Goal Determine the time-varying structure and transport of the flow between the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1726,"featured_media":0,"parent":155844,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-155922","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/155922","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1726"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=155922"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/155922\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":176668,"href":"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/155922\/revisions\/176668"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/155844"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/web.uri.edu\/gso\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=155922"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}