Codling moth management                                                                                                                         5/20/19

Many growers in RI have had problems with codling moths the last couple of years. It seems as though codling moths are resistant to Imidan. Here are a few basic things to know to help you manage codling moth:

1. Adult codling moths start emerging between McIntosh bloom and petal fall and continue emerging for about 40 days. Peak emergence is usually in late May. Female moths start depositing eggs on leaves soon after emerging. Eggs hatch in 7-8 days.
2. Insecticides are aimed primarily at newly hatched larvae before they enter fruit. So first insecticide application is generally around 2nd cover spray, or 250 degree days (base 50) after McIntosh petal fall. (Some models say 220 DD, but these numbers are approximations.) This time of year we accumulate about 10 degree days per day, but it varies with daily temperature. Here are degree days for Greenville since 5/15/19, the date of McIntosh petal fall:

Greenville	May 15	May 16	May 17	May 18	May 19	May 20	May 21	May 22	May 23
DD for day	0	7	8	11	8
Accumulated DD	0	7	15	26	34

So in Greenville at the end of the day on 5/19/19, we were at 34 DD – still far away from 220 DD.

Trees in Newport County are behind those in Providence County. McIntosh petal fall was about 5/19/19, so we have accumulated a total of only 9 DD since petal fall (since it was yesterday). An insecticide treatment in Newport County for codling moth will be later than in Providence County.

I will send out emails when it is closer to applying insecticides for codling moth. The following 3 pages review insecticides for managing codling moths. This information is from Michigan State University.

3. Around mid-July, codling moth larvae leave fruit and pupate. Second generation adult moths start emerging in late July and continue emerging through August. Eggs laid by this generation tend to cause more damage than the first generation. I’ll send information on timing to manage the second generation larvae later this season.

Please let me know if you have questions!

Insecticides for codling moth management – from Michigan State University

Common name (Trade name)	IRAC	Rate per acre	PHI preharvest interval	REI Reentry interval
acetamiprid (Assail 30 SG)	4A	4-8 oz	7 days	12 hours
Good CM control with residual action of 10-14 days at the high rate. Excellent timing and coverage required to achieve control. Assail is most active when ingested by larvae, but also has limited adult and egg toxicity. Can cause outbreaks of pest mites. Maximum yearly amount is 32 oz per acre.
Carbaryl (Sevin 4 F) (Sevin XLR Plus)	1A	1-3 qt. 2-3 qt.	3 days	12 hours
Good CM control with residual action of 7 days. Sevin is highly toxic to mite predators. Fruit thinning agent if used within 30 days after bloom.
Chlorantraniliprole (Altacor 35 WDG)	28	2.5-4.5 oz	14 days	4 hours
Excellent CM control with residual action of 10-14 days. Altacor is most active when ingested by larvae. Apply higher rates against 2nd generation and where pest density is high. Maximum yearly amount is 9 oz/acre.
Chlorantraniliprole & thiamethoxam (Voliam Flexi )	28 & 4A	4-7 oz	35 days	12 hours
Excellent CM control with residual action of 10-14 days. Most active when ingested by larvae. Apply higher rates against 2nd generation and where pest density is high. Maximum yearly amount is 16 oz/a.
Cyantraniliprole (Exirel)	28	8.5-17 oz	3 days	12 hours
Excellent CM control with residual action of 10-14 days. Most active when ingested by larvae. Only use lower rate for low-pressure infestations. For high pressure situations use well-timed high rates and a shortened treatment interval. Minimum application interval is 7 days. Maximum yearly amount of Exirel or products with cycantraniliprole is 0.4 lb ai/acre.
Cyantraniliprole & abamectin (Minecto Pro)	28 & 6 Restricted Use Pesticide	8-12 fl oz	28 days	12 hours
Excellent CM control with residual action of 10-14 days. When pest populations are high use highest rate of Minecto Pro. Maximum yearly amount is 24 oz/a and minimum application interval is 21 days.
Cyfluthrin (Baythroid XL)	3 Restricted Use Pesticide	1.4-2.8 oz	7 days	12 hours
Emamectin benzoate (Proclaim 5 SG)	6	4.8 oz	14 days	48 hours
Good control of 1st generation CM and is most effective at high label rate. Much less effective against later generations. Most active when ingested by larvae. Excellent timing and coverage with Proclaim is required to achieve control. Maximum yearly amount is 14.4 oz/a.
Esfenvalerate (Asana XL)	3	4.8-14.5 oz	21-28 days	12 hours
Fenpropathrin (Danitol 2.4 EC)	3	16-21.34 0z	14 days	24 hours
Flonicamid (Beleaf 50 SG)	29	2.8 oz	21 days	12 hours
Use to suppress 1st generation CM. Repeat applications may be required under prolonged flight conditions. Maximum yearly amount is 8.4 fl oz/a or 3 consecutive sprays. Minimum of 7 days between applications.
Flubendiamide (Belt 4 SC)	28	3-5 oz	14 days	12 hours
Good to excellent CM control with residual action of 10-14 days. Most active when ingested by larvae. Apply higher rates against 2nd generation and where pest density is high. Maximum yearly amount is 15 oz/acre.
Granulosis virus (Cyd-X) (Madex HP) (ViroSoft)	None   OMRI Approved	4-6 oz .5-3 os 3.2 ox	4 hours	4 hours
Biological insecticide that is specific to CM. Fair to good control. Must be ingested by larvae and may take several days to cause mortality. Apply in sufficient water for through coverage of tree canopy. Repeat as necessary to maintain control. Do not tank mix with lime sulfur, copper, or Bt products.
Lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior II 2CS)	3 Restricted Use Pesticide	1.28-2.56 oz	21 days	24 hours
Methoxyfenozide (Intrepid 2 F)	18	16 oz	14 days	4 hours
Good control of CM with residual action of 10-14 days. Excellent timing and coverage are required. Must be ingested by larvae and may take several days to cause mortality. Addition of an adjuvant is recommended to improve spray deposition. Intrepid is an insect growth regulator that primarily affects lepidopteran larvae, but is also active against adults and eggs. Not harmful to most beneficial insects. Maximum yearly amount is 64 oz/acre.
Ultra fine oil (Sunspray Ultra-fine)	None	1-2 gal	1 day	4 hours
Fair control of CM. Oils affect CM by smothering eggs. Applications should be repeated every 7-14 days during egg-laying period. Effectiveness enhanced with more dilute application. Oils may be phytotoxic if used within a few weeks of a sulfur spray or if applied at higher rates during hot weather (90°+).
Novaluron (Rimon .83 EC)	15	20-40 oz	14 days	12 hours
Good to excellent CM control with residual action of 14-17 days. An insect growth regulator that acts primarily by impeding normal egg development. It must be applied prior to egg laying or shortly thereafter. Appears to be most effective when used early in the season, with the first application made around 100 degree days after biofix (or after bloom). Maximum yearly amount is 150 fl oz/acre or 4 applications.
Phosmet (Imidan 70 WP)	1B	2.25-3 lb	7 days	24 hours
For susceptible CM populations, excellent control with residual action of 10-14 days. For resistant populations use a different insecticide. Populations in RI and Massachusetts may be resistant to Imidan.
Spinetoram (Delegate 25 WG)	5	7.5 oz	7 days	4 hours
Good to excellent CM control with residual action of 7-10 days. Most active when ingested by larvae, and has limited activity on eggs. Maximum yearly amount is 28 oz/acre. Moderately toxic to predacious mites.
Spinosad (SpinTor 2 SC) (Entrust 2 SC)	5	7.5 oz 6-10 oz	7 days	4 hours
Fair to good control of CM with residual action of 7-10 days. Good control requires excellent timing and coverage. Must be ingested by larvae and may take several days to cause mortality. Addition of an adjuvant is recommended to improve spray deposition. Highly toxic to bees exposed to direct spray and next 3 hours. Maximum yearly amount is 29 oz/acre.